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  • Title: N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed annulation of benzofuran-2,3-diones and enals: a concise synthesis of spiro-bis-lactone.
    Author: Wang ZD, Wang F, Li X, Cheng JP.
    Journal: Org Biomol Chem; 2013 Sep 14; 11(34):5634-41. PubMed ID: 23868545.
    Abstract:
    The N-heterocyclic carbene catalyzed annulation of benzofuran-2,3-diones and enals via homoenolate intermediates is described. The reaction provided a direct and efficient method for the synthesis of spiro-bis-lactones. The ketone-carbonyl group annulated products and the ester-carbonyl group annulated products can be obtained as major products with good yields by convenient catalyst regulation. Furthermore, commercially available thiazolium salt can also catalyze this reaction with modest yield.
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