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  • Title: MSX1 and PAX9 investigation in monozygotic twins with variable expression of tooth agenesis.
    Author: Lopez SI, Mundstock KS, Paixão-Côrtes VR, Schüler-Faccini L, Mundstock CA, Bortolini MC, Salzano FM.
    Journal: Twin Res Hum Genet; 2013 Dec; 16(6):1112-6. PubMed ID: 24103583.
    Abstract:
    Non-syndromic agenesis of permanent teeth is one of the most common anomalies in human development, a multifactorial characteristic caused by genetic and environmental factors. We describe a pair of monozygotic twins who showed second premolar and third molar agenesis, albeit with different expressions. We studied the DNA of two genes, paired domain box gene 9 (PAX9) and muscle segment homeodomain-homeobox1 (MSX1), encoding transcription factors that earlier studies found were involved in the manifestation of this condition. No specific causative mutation was found. However, we detected a C→T change in MSX1 exon 2 in both twins, suggesting that this polymorphism might be involved in the trait's expression.
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