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  • Title: Determination of spinosad at trace levels in bee pollen and beeswax with solid-liquid extraction and LC-ESI-MS.
    Author: Yáñez KP, Martín MT, Bernal JL, Nozal MJ, Bernal J.
    Journal: J Sep Sci; 2014 Feb; 37(3):204-10. PubMed ID: 24243865.
    Abstract:
    This paper reports the use of a new LC method with a fused-core analytical column coupled to ESI-MS to determine residues of the biopesticide spinosad in bee pollen and beeswax. The method analyzes the active ingredients, spinosyns A and D, with a simple and efficient sample treatment (recovery between 90 and 105%) consisting of a solid-liquid extraction with acetone (bee pollen) or acetonitrile (beeswax). The method was validated in terms of selectivity, LOD, LOQ, linearity, and precision. The LOD and LOQ values ranged between 0.1-0.2 and 0.4-0.7 μg/kg, respectively. Moreover, the precision obtained within the linear concentration range (LOQ 500 μg/kg) was satisfactory (RSD lower than 5%). Finally, the proposed method was applied to analyze bee pollen and beeswax samples collected from apiaries located close to fruit orchards in two Spanish regions.
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