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  • Title: Determination of carbadox and olaquindox metabolites in swine muscle by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.
    Author: Sniegocki T, Gbylik-Sikorska M, Posyniak A, Zmudzki J.
    Journal: J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci; 2014 Jan 01; 944():25-9. PubMed ID: 24291715.
    Abstract:
    This paper presents LC-MS/MS method that was developed for the simultaneous determination and confirmation metabolites of carbadox (desoxycarbadox, quinoxaline-2-carboxylic) and olaquindox (3-methylquinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid) residues in pig muscle tissues at concentrations ≤3.0μgkg(-1). Pig muscle tissues were deproteinated with meta-phosphoric acid in methanol and then were extracted with ethyl acetate:dichloromethane (50:50, v/v). The whole extracts were evaporated to dryness in rotary evaporator at 45°C, and dry residues were re-dissolved in 0.5% isopropanol in 1% acetic acid. The LC separation was performed on a C8 column with a gradient system consisting of isopropanol/water/acetic acid and methanol as the mobile phase. Additionally SelexION™ technology to reduce matrix effect was used. The decision limit (CCα) ranged from 1.04μgkg(-1) to 2.11μgkg(-1) and the detection capability (CCβ) ranged from 1.46μgkg(-1) to 2.89μgkg(-1). The total recoveries were from 99.8% to 101.2%. The results of validation fulfil the requirement of the confirmatory criteria according to the European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC.
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