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  • Title: Immunohistochemical location of HPL, SP1 and beta-HCG in normal placentas of varying gestational age.
    Author: Beck T, Schweikhart G, Stolz E.
    Journal: Arch Gynecol; 1986; 239(2):63-74. PubMed ID: 2430527.
    Abstract:
    Sixty-four placentas at various gestational ages were examined by immunohistochemical stains for HPL, SP1 and beta-HCG according to a modified PAP method (Sternberger 1970). Syncytiotrophoblast cell layer was identified as the main site of synthesis. Extravillous immunohistochemical reactions for HPL and SP1 (but not for beta-HCG) were found in X-cells of the basal plate and in the intervillous trophoblast islands. These cell types would thus seem to be derived from trophoblast. Hofbauer-cells of villous connective tissue stained specifically for beta-HCG apparently because of HCG phagocytosis. The intensity of staining for HPL, SP1 and beta-HCG was evaluated semiquantitatively in the syncytiotrophoblast cell layer at various gestational weeks. The maximum of staining for beta-HCG was found in the uniform syncytiotrophoblast layer of immature intermediate villi in early pregnancy (7-14 weeks), HPL and SP1 had their peak of staining reaction at 32-36 weeks of gestation. Increasing maturation results in a subspecialisation of the villous surface: epithelial plates (allowing feto maternal exchange) and nucleated portions of syncytiotrophoblast (which are the main site of hormone production and endocrine activity).
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