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  • Title: Structure and composition of the plate-boundary slip zone for the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake.
    Author: Chester FM, Rowe C, Ujiie K, Kirkpatrick J, Regalla C, Remitti F, Moore JC, Toy V, Wolfson-Schwehr M, Bose S, Kameda J, Mori JJ, Brodsky EE, Eguchi N, Toczko S, Expedition 343 and 343T Scientists.
    Journal: Science; 2013 Dec 06; 342(6163):1208-11. PubMed ID: 24311682.
    Abstract:
    The mechanics of great subduction earthquakes are influenced by the frictional properties, structure, and composition of the plate-boundary fault. We present observations of the structure and composition of the shallow source fault of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake and tsunami from boreholes drilled by the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 343 and 343T. Logging-while-drilling and core-sample observations show a single major plate-boundary fault accommodated the large slip of the Tohoku-Oki earthquake rupture, as well as nearly all the cumulative interplate motion at the drill site. The localization of deformation onto a limited thickness (less than 5 meters) of pelagic clay is the defining characteristic of the shallow earthquake fault, suggesting that the pelagic clay may be a regionally important control on tsunamigenic earthquakes.
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