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  • Title: Noise estimation in parallel MRI: GRAPPA and SENSE.
    Author: Aja-Fernández S, Vegas-Sánchez-Ferrero G, Tristán-Vega A.
    Journal: Magn Reson Imaging; 2014 Apr; 32(3):281-90. PubMed ID: 24418329.
    Abstract:
    Parallel imaging methods allow to increase the acquisition rate via subsampled acquisitions of the k-space. SENSE and GRAPPA are the most popular reconstruction methods proposed in order to suppress the artifacts created by this subsampling. The reconstruction process carried out by both methods yields to a variance of noise value which is dependent on the position within the final image. Hence, the traditional noise estimation methods - based on a single noise level for the whole image - fail. In this paper we propose a novel methodology to estimate the spatial dependent pattern of the variance of noise in SENSE and GRAPPA reconstructed images. In both cases, some additional information must be known beforehand: the sensitivity maps of each receiver coil in the SENSE case and the reconstruction coefficients for GRAPPA.
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