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  • Title: Anti-diabetic effect of a novel N-Trisaccharide isolated from Cucumis prophetarum on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats.
    Author: Kavishankar GB, Lakshmidevi N.
    Journal: Phytomedicine; 2014 Apr 15; 21(5):624-30. PubMed ID: 24462215.
    Abstract:
    ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Cucumis prophetarum (L.) is used in traditional Indian medicine for the treatment of inflammation related problems. AIM OF THE STUDY: The present investigation was designed to study the effect of N-Trisaccharide (a new compound isolated from the fruit of C. prophetarum (L.)) on hyperglycemia in streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide (NA) induced type 2 diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Different doses of N-Trisaccharide (25 and 50 mg/kgb.w.) were administered once daily for 28 days to STZ-NA induced diabetic rats. Plasma insulin and glycogen levels were measured. The activities of hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase were measured. Further, histological studies on pancreas were also carried out. RESULTS: The active compound at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kgb.w. given orally for 14 days showed 47.7% and 69.3% antihyperglycemic activity, respectively. Treatment at the same doses for 28 days provided complete protection against STZ-NA challenge (65 and 230 mg/kgb.w., respectively), intraperitoneally. N-Trisaccharide significantly (p≤0.05) increased the plasma insulin and liver glycogen levels in diabetic rats. The altered enzyme activities of carbohydrate metabolism in the liver and kidney of the diabetic rats were significantly (p≤0.05) improved. Additionally, N-Trisaccharide increased glycogen synthase and decreased glycogen phosphorylase activity in diabetic rats. Histological studies confirmed an increase in insulin level is due to stimulation of injured pancreatic β-cells. CONCLUSION: The results of the study suggested that N-Trisaccharide possesses propitious effect on STZ-NA induced type 2 diabetes, indicating its usefulness in diabetes management.
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