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  • Title: A frequent A gamma-hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin in northern Sardinia: its molecular basis and hematologic phenotype in heterozygotes and compound heterozygotes with beta-thalassemia.
    Author: Ottolenghi S, Camaschella C, Comi P, Giglioni B, Longinotti M, Oggiano L, Dore F, Sciarratta G, Ivaldi G, Saglio G.
    Journal: Hum Genet; 1988 May; 79(1):13-7. PubMed ID: 2452784.
    Abstract:
    A survey of hemoglobinopathies in northern Sardinia revealed a high frequency (0.3%) of carriers of a hematologic condition characterized by increased expression of fetal hemoglobin during adult life (hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin or HPFH). In spite of a normal hematologic phenotype, the heterozygous carriers for this condition display about 12% HbF, almost exclusively of the A gamma type; compound heterozygotes with beta-thalassemia have 20%-26% HbF and run a very mild clinical course. The sequence analysis of the cloned A gamma gene linked to the HPFH determinant revealed the presence of a G----A substitution at position -117 of the A gamma-globin gene promoter; the same mutation occurs also in Greek HPFH, although associated with different restriction polymorphisms. Another hereditary condition characterized by increased HbF (alpha 2 A gamma 2) level and a mild thalassemia phenotype in Sardinia is associated with the -196C----T substitution in the A gamma-globin gene promoter (Sardinian delta beta-thalassemia). Population studies using oligonucleotides complementary both to the -117 G----A and -196C----T mutations and the corresponding normal sequences confirm the presence of these mutations only in HPFH and delta beta-thalassemia chromosomes and exclude these changes being common DNA polymorphisms.
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