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  • Title: Polychlorinated biphenyl quinone induces mitochondrial-mediated and caspase-dependent apoptosis in HepG2 cells.
    Author: Xu D, Li L, Liu L, Dong H, Deng Q, Yang X, Song E, Song Y.
    Journal: Environ Toxicol; 2015 Sep; 30(9):1063-72. PubMed ID: 24604693.
    Abstract:
    Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) quinones are known to cause toxic effects, but their mechanisms are quite unclear. In this study, we examined whether 2,3,5-trichloro-6-phenyl-[1,4]benzoquinone, PCB29-pQ, induces cell death via apoptosis pathway. Our result showed PCB29-pQ exposure decreased HepG2 cell viability in a time-dependent manner. Lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay also implied the cytotoxicity of PCB29-pQ. 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride staining and flow cytometry assays both confirmed PCB29-pQ caused dose-dependent apoptotic cell death in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, we found that PCB29-pQ exposure increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and induced the translocation of cytochrome c from mitochondria into cytosol in HepG2 cells. Moreover, PCB29-pQ exposure induced B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) downregulation and Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) upregulation, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, accompanied with the increased caspase-3/9 and p53 expressions. Taking together, these results suggested PCB29-pQ induced HepG2 cells apoptosis through a ROS-driven, mitochondrial-mediated and caspase-dependent pathway.
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