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  • Title: [New therapeutic strategies for retinoblastoma: non-systemic chemotherapy].
    Author: Biewald E, Holdt M, Bornfeld N.
    Journal: Ophthalmologe; 2014 Apr; 111(4):379-82. PubMed ID: 24756189.
    Abstract:
    Retinoblastoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy worldwide. The known established standard therapies for bilateral disease, such as external beam radiation therapy or systemic chemotherapy often lead to a higher morbidity and increased risk of secondary malignancies, especially with radiation therapy. Therefore, new non-systemic chemotherapy strategies, such as the intra-arterial or intravitreal administration of melphalan are being revised with the aim of reducing systemic side effects.
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