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  • Title: [Toll-like receptor 4 promotes macrophage foam cell formation induced by oxidized low-density/β₂-glycoprotein I/β₂-glycoprotein I antibodies complex].
    Author: Zhang X, Zhou H, Xu Y, Liu J, Xie H, Kong X, Xie Y, Yan J.
    Journal: Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi; 2014 Mar; 42(3):208-13. PubMed ID: 24831477.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on oxidized low-density/β₂-glycoprotein I/β₂-glycoprotein I (ox-LDL/β₂GPI/anti-β₂GPI) antibodies complex induced macrophage foam cell formation. METHODS: The peritoneal macrophages were separated from TLR4 intact C3H/HeN mice and TLR4 defective C3H/HeJ mice. The cells were treated with ox-LDL, ox-LDL/β₂GPI, ox-LDL/anti-β₂GPI, anti-β₂GPI/β₂GPI, ox-LDL/β₂GPI/anti-β₂GPI, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 48 h and the foam cells were identified by Oil red O staining for intracellular lipids. The total cellular RNA and the protein lysates were collected. The levels of tissue factor (TF) mRNA in two groups were detected by real-time PCR (RT-PCR), and the expression of phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 was detected by Western blotting. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) secretion from peritoneal macrophages was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. RESULTS: Compared with C3H/HeJ mice, lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of peritoneal macrophages from C3H/HeN mice were significantly increased and phosphorylation-NF-κB expression was significantly upregulated after stimulating by ox-LDL/β₂GPI/anti-β₂GPI complex (P < 0.01). TF mRNA and MCP-1 expression were also upregulated post ox-LDL/β₂GPI/anti-β₂GPI complex stimulation [TF mRNA: 0.041 ± 0.023 vs. 0.005 ± 0.003; MCP-1: (6 200.2 ± 6.4) pg/ml vs. (803.3 ± 5.5) pg/ml, P < 0.01]. CONCLUSION: TLR4 can enhance ox-LDL/β₂GPI/anti-β₂GPI complex induced peritoneal macrophage foam cell formation via upregulating phosphorylation-NF-κB, TF and MCP-1 expression.
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