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  • Title: By-products from the biodiesel chain as a substrate to citric acid production by solid-state fermentation.
    Author: Schneider M, Zimmer GF, Cremonese EB, de C de S Schneider R, Corbellini VA.
    Journal: Waste Manag Res; 2014 Jul; 32(7):653-60. PubMed ID: 25012861.
    Abstract:
    In this study, we propose the use of tung cake for the production of organic acids, with an emphasis on citric acid by solid-state fermentation. We evaluated the conditions of production and the by-products from the biodiesel chain as raw materials involved in this bioprocess. First, we standardized the conditions of solid-state fermentation in tung cake with and without residual fat and with different concentrations of glycerine using the fungus Aspergillus niger The solid-state fermentation process was monitored for 7 days considering the biomass growth and pH level. Citric acid production was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Fungal development was better in the crude tung cake, consisting of 20% glycerine. The highest citric acid yield was 350 g kg(-1) of biomass. Therefore, the solid-state fermentation of the tung cake with glycerine led to citric acid production using the Aspergillus niger fungus.
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