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  • Title: Tomato FRUITFULL homologs regulate fruit ripening via ethylene biosynthesis.
    Author: Shima Y, Fujisawa M, Kitagawa M, Nakano T, Kimbara J, Nakamura N, Shiina T, Sugiyama J, Nakamura T, Kasumi T, Ito Y.
    Journal: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem; 2014; 78(2):231-7. PubMed ID: 25036675.
    Abstract:
    Certain MADS-box transcription factors play central roles in regulating fruit ripening. RIPENING INHIBITOR (RIN), a tomato MADS-domain protein, acts as a global regulator of ripening, affecting the climacteric rise of ethylene, pigmentation changes, and fruit softening. Previously, we showed that two MADS-domain proteins, the FRUITFULL homologs FUL1 and FUL2, form complexes with RIN. Here, we characterized the FUL1/FUL2 loss-of-function phenotype in co-suppressed plants. The transgenic plants produced ripening-defective fruits accumulating little or no lycopene. Unlike a previous study on FUL1/FUL2 suppressed tomatoes, our transgenic fruits showed very low levels of ethylene production, and this was associated with suppression of the genes for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase, a rate-limiting enzyme in ethylene synthesis. FUL1/FUL2 suppression also caused the fruit to soften in a manner independent of ripening, possibly due to reduced cuticle thickness in the peel of the suppressed tomatoes.
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