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  • Title: Lung perfusion imaging in hepatopulmonary syndrome using (99m)Tc macroaggregated albumin.
    Author: Surasi DS, Manapragada P, Bhambhvani P.
    Journal: J Nucl Cardiol; 2015 Jun; 22(3):586-8. PubMed ID: 25164140.
    Abstract:
    Hepatopulmonary syndrome is a serious pulmonary vascular complication in patients with chronic liver disease. It constitutes a triad of chronic liver disease, increased alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, and evidence of intrapulmonary shunt (IPS). The diagnosis of IPS can be made by bubble echocardiography, technetium-99m-labeled macroaggregated albumin ((99m)Tc-MAA) scintigraphy or pulmonary arteriography. Though echocardiography is a sensitive screening test, MAA scintigraphy can also quantify the extent of shunting.
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