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  • Title: Brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa) envenomation in small animals.
    Author: Pace LB, Vetter RS.
    Journal: J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio); 2009 Aug; 19(4):329-36. PubMed ID: 25164631.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To provide a comprehensive review of relevant literature regarding the brown recluse spider (BRS) and to define those criteria that must be satisfied before making a diagnosis of brown recluse envenomation. ETIOLOGY: The complex venom of the BRS contains sphingomyelinase D, which is capable of producing all the clinical signs in the human and some animal models. DIAGNOSIS: There is no current commercially available test. In humans there are many proposed guidelines to achieve a definitive diagnosis; however, there are no established guidelines for veterinary patients. THERAPY: Currently, no consensus exists for treatment of BRS envenomation other than supportive care, which includes rest, thorough cleaning of the site, ice, compression, and elevation. PROGNOSIS: Prognosis varies based on severity of clinical signs and response to supportive care.
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