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  • Title: Retinal sensitivity is reduced in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
    Author: Ferrandez B, Ferreras A, Calvo P, Abadia B, Fogagnolo P, Wang Y, Marin JM, Iester M.
    Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci; 2014 Oct 09; 55(11):7119-25. PubMed ID: 25301881.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcomes of standard automated perimetry (SAP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS: Eighty OSA patients and 111 age-matched controls were consecutively and prospectively enrolled. One eye per subject was randomly selected. All participants underwent at least one reliable SAP (24-2 SITA Standard algorithm). The peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) was measured with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Patients with OSA were classified into three groups according to the apnea/hypopnea index: mild, moderate, or severe OSA. Parameters of SAP and OCT were compared between healthy controls and OSA patients. Correlation of apnea/hypopnea index with OCT and SAP measurements were calculated. RESULTS: Mean age, best-corrected visual acuity, and central corneal thickness were similar between groups. Intraocular pressure, however, was lower in the OSA group. Mean deviation of SAP was -0.23 ± 0.8 dB in the control group and -1.74 ± 2.8 dB in the OSA group (P < 0.001). Thickness of RNFL measured with OCT did not differ significantly between groups. Patients with OSA showed reduced sensitivity at most points tested by white-on-white perimetry compared with healthy individuals. The threshold values were more depressed in the peripheral visual field. The apnea/hypopnea index was related to the SAP indices: Pearson correlations were -0.432 with mean deviation, 0.467 with pattern standard deviation, and -0.416 with the visual field index (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with OSA exhibited reduced retinal sensitivity measured with SAP compared with healthy controls.
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