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  • Title: Sodium/proton antiport is required for growth of Escherichia coli at alkaline pH.
    Author: McMorrow I, Shuman HA, Sze D, Wilson DM, Wilson TH.
    Journal: Biochim Biophys Acta; 1989 May 19; 981(1):21-6. PubMed ID: 2541789.
    Abstract:
    Evidence is presented indicating that Escherichia coli requires the Na+/H+ antiporter and external sodium (or lithium) ion to grow at high pH. Cells were grown in plastic tubes containing medium with a very low Na+ content (5-15 microM). Normal cells grew at pH 7 or 8 with or without added Na+, but at pH 8.5 external Na was required for growth. A mutant with low antiporter activity failed to grow at pH 8.5 with or without Na+. On the other hand, another mutant with elevated antiporter activity grew at a higher pH than normal (pH 9) in the presence of added Na+ or Li+. Amiloride, an inhibitor of the antiporter, prevented cells from growing at pH 8.5 (plus Na+), although it had no effect on growth in media of lower pH values.
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