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  • Title: A modified busulfan and cyclophosphamide preparative regimen for allogeneic transplantation in myeloid malignancies.
    Author: Cai X, Wei J, He Y, Yang D, Jiang E, Huang Y, Han M, Feng S.
    Journal: Int J Clin Pharm; 2015 Feb; 37(1):44-52. PubMed ID: 25432692.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Busulfan/cyclophosphamide (Bu/Cy) is commonly used as a standard conditioning regimen without total body irradiation for patients with hematological myeloid malignancies undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). OBJECTIVE: To develop a new myeloablative conditioning regimen incorporating fludarabine (Flu) and cytarabine (Ara-c). SETTING: A tertiary blood disease hospital in Tianjin, China. METHODS: A Bu/Cy preparative regimen was used, modified by Flu 90 mg/m(2) and Ara-c 6 g/m(2) in 57 unselected patients (median age 37 years) with hematological myeloid malignancies. The patients were to receive allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Thirteen patients had high-risk leukemia, fifty patients had HLA matched sibling donors while seven patients had HLA mismatched sibling donors. Cy was given 50 mg/kg/day for 2 days while Bu was given 3.2 mg/kg/day intravenously for 3 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Post-transplant donor chimerism, relapse tendency and minimal residual disease. RESULTS: Extramedullar toxicity was relatively limited; the incidence of treatment-related mortality (TRM) within 100 days was 3.5 %. The incidence of grade II-IV, grade III-IV acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) and chronic GVHD of the evaluable patients were 21.1, 8.8 and 36.4 %, respectively. With a median follow up of 59 (13-96.5) months, TRM and relapse rate (RR) at eight years were 24.1 ± 5.8 and 14.7 ± 4.8 %, respectively. Disease free survival at eight years was 67.9 ± 6.2 % for the entire group, 60.0 ± 8.9 % for patients with AML, 77.3 ± 8.9 % for patients with CML, 70.0 ± 6.5 and 42.9 ± 18.7 % or matched sibling and mismatched sibling HSCT respectively. CONCLUSION: The new regimen was associated with a low relapse rate, low incidence and severity of graft versus host disease and satisfactory survival for patients with myeloid malignancies.
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