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  • Title: Young age, male sex, and end-stage renal disease with secondary hyperparathyroidism as risk factors for intraoperative hyperkalemia during parathyroidectomy.
    Author: Yang YL, Lu HF, Chung KC, Jawan B, Chou FF.
    Journal: J Clin Anesth; 2015 May; 27(3):195-200. PubMed ID: 25434503.
    Abstract:
    STUDY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors of intraoperative hyperkalemia in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing parathyroidectomy (PTx) with autotransplantation (AT). DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: Operating room of a tertiary care medical center. PATIENTS: Thirty-two adult, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 2 and 3 patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism aged between 31 and 72 years scheduled for PTx with AT. MEASUREMENTS: Laboratory chemistries (intact parathyroid hormone, Na, K, Ca, P, arterial blood gas) were obtained before surgery and at 2 time points during surgery. The first chemistry levels during surgery were checked after the first 2 parathyroid glands had been removed, and the second levels were checked after wound closure. Statistical analysis was performed using t test, Fisher exact test, the receiver operating characteristic curve method, as appropriate. MAIN RESULTS: Eight patients (25%) developed hyperkalemia during surgery. The hyperkalemia patients had younger age (42±11.44 years vs 52.58±11.83 years, P=.044) and a male dominance (odds ratio, 11.4; P=.01; 95% confidence interval, 1.74-74.65). The cutoff for age was 40.5 years, according to the highest value for sensitivity plus specificity of the receiver operating characteristic curve. There was a higher incidence of intraoperative hyperkalemia in younger patients than in older patients (odds ratio, 8.33; P=.023; 95% confidence interval, 1.39-49.87) as well as a significant increase in potassium level during surgery in younger male patients (P=.005 and .002, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The anesthesiologist should be aware of the complications of intraoperative hyperkalemia during PTx with AT, especially in male end-stage renal disease patients younger than 40 years.
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