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  • Title: [Spasm of the near reflex. Treatment with botulinum toxin].
    Author: Merino P, Rojas P, Gómez de Liaño P, Franco Iglesias G.
    Journal: Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol; 2015 May; 90(5):244-6. PubMed ID: 25443188.
    Abstract:
    CLINICAL CASE: A 38-year old female with diplopia and esotropia, with limitation of ocular abduction in both eyes, with full abduction after doll's head rotation also being observed. She was diagnosed with spasm of the near reflex. Treatment with injections of botulinum toxin in both medial rectus has temporally resolved the convergence spasm. DISCUSSION: Near reflex spasm is characterized as miosis, pseudomyopia, and convergent strabismus that lead to diplopia, blurred vision, headache, and variable, progressive, and intermittent esotropia. As the spasm worsens there will be limited ocular versions and ductions simulating a sixth nerve palsy. Botulinum toxin may be effective in some cases.
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