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  • Title: Lard-based high-fat diet increases secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor expression and attenuates the inflammatory response of acute lung injury in endotoxemic rats.
    Author: Fujiwara M, Miyoshi M, Sakai S, Nishiokada A, Aoyama-Ishikawa M, Maeshige N, Usami Y, Hamada Y, Takahashi M, Usami M.
    Journal: Clin Nutr; 2015 Oct; 34(5):997-1009. PubMed ID: 25466948.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND & AIMS: Acute lung injury (ALI) is less severe in obese than in nonobese patients, but the mechanism is unclear. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) is the key anti-inflammatory protein in various lung diseases. We have previously reported changes of the surgical stress in obese rats using lard-based high-fat diet (HFD). The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effect of lard-based HFD on the pathophysiology of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI, and the role of SLPI expression. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were fed lard-based HFD (60 kcal% fat) or control diet (CD) for either 4 or 12 weeks and were killed after intraperitoneal LPS injection. Analyses included messenger RNA expression of TNF-α, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), IL-10 and SLPI in the lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and histology of the lungs. RESULTS: Rats fed HFD for 12 weeks showed suppression of the lung injury and oxidative stress after LPS injection, as indicated by reduction of pulmonary TNF-α, MIP-2 and iNOS mRNA expression and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine immunostaining. The increased pulmonary SLPI caused by lard was associated with decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress, which eventually resulted in the prevention of ALI. Those effects of lard on LPS-induced ALI were greater after 12 weeks than after 4 weeks feeding, as indicated by the reduction of TNF-α, MIP-2 and iNOS levels. CONCLUSIONS: Feeding lard-based HFD for 12 weeks attenuated LPS-induced ALI with increased pulmonary SLPI expression in rats.
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