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  • Title: Ergovaline and lolitrem B concentrations in perennial ryegrass in field culture in southern France: distribution in the plant and impact of climatic factors.
    Author: Repussard C, Zbib N, Tardieu D, Guerre P.
    Journal: J Agric Food Chem; 2014 Dec 31; 62(52):12707-12. PubMed ID: 25526521.
    Abstract:
    Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) infected by Epichloë festucae var. lolii contains alkaloids that are responsible for toxicosis in several countries, but few cases are reported in Europe. Lolitrem B is generally the most abundant alkaloid and is recognized to be responsible for livestock staggers, whereas ergovaline is less frequently documented in perennial ryegrass. Lolitrem B and ergovaline were monitored over a three-year period in endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass 'Samson' sown in southern France. Alkaloid concentrations were strongly influenced by the stage of maturity of the plant; maximum concentrations were always measured at the fully ripe stage. Over the three years of analysis, variations in lolitrem B in the whole plant at the fully ripe stage were low (from 1296 to maximum 1871 μg/kg dry matter), whereas ergovaline varied considerably (from 526 to 2322 μg/kg dry matter), suggesting that abiotic factors play a key role in determining ergovaline levels in endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass.
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