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  • Title: Synthesis and in vivo evaluation of gallium-68-labeled glycine and hippurate conjugates for positron emission tomography renography.
    Author: Pathuri G, Hedrick AF, January SE, Galbraith WK, Awasthi V, Arnold CD, Cowley BD, Gali H.
    Journal: J Labelled Comp Radiopharm; 2015 Jan; 58(1):14-9. PubMed ID: 25545452.
    Abstract:
    The objective of this study was to evaluate four new (68) Ga-labeled 1,4,7,10-cyclododeca-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)/1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid derived (NODAGA)-glycine/hippurate conjugates and select a lead candidate for potential application in positron emission tomography (PET) renography. The non-metallated conjugates were synthesized by a solid phase peptide synthesis method. The (68) Ga labeling was achieved by reacting an excess of the non-metallated conjugate with (68) GaCl4 (-) at pH -4.5 and 10-min incubation either at room temperature for NODAGA or 90 °C for DOTA. Radiochemical purity of all (68) Ga conjugates was found to be >98%. (68) Ga-NODAGA-glycine displayed the lowest serum protein binding (0.4%) in vitro among the four (68) Ga conjugates. Biodistribution of (68) Ga conjugates in healthy Sprague Dawley rats at 1-h post-injection revealed an efficient clearance from circulation primarily through the renal-urinary pathway with <0.2% of injected dose per gram remaining in the blood. The kidney/blood and kidney/muscle ratios of (68) Ga-NODAGA-glycine were significantly higher than other (68) Ga conjugates. On the basis of these results, (68) Ga-NODAGA-glycine was selected as the lead candidate. (68) Ga-NODAGA-glycine PET renograms obtained in healthy rats suggest (68) Ga-NODAGA-glycine as a PET alternate of (99m) Tc-Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA).
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