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  • Title: Emergent photovoltage on SmB6 surface upon bulk-gap evolution revealed by pump-and-probe photoemission spectroscopy.
    Author: Ishida Y, Otsu T, Shimada T, Okawa M, Kobayashi Y, Iga F, Takabatake T, Shin S.
    Journal: Sci Rep; 2015 Feb 02; 5():8160. PubMed ID: 25640966.
    Abstract:
    Recent studies suggest that an exemplary Kondo insulator SmB6 belongs to a new class of topological insulators (TIs), in which non-trivial spin-polarized metallic states emerge on surface upon the formation of Kondo hybridization gap in the bulk. Remarkably, the bulk resistivity reaches more than 20 Ω cm at 4 K, making SmB6 a candidate for a so-called bulk-insulating TI. We here investigate optical-pulse responses of SmB6 by pump-and-probe photoemission spectroscopy. Surface photovoltage effect is observed below ~90 K. This indicates that an optically-active band bending region develops beneath the novel metallic surface upon the bulk-gap evolution. The photovoltaic effect persists for >200 µs, which is long enough to be detected by electronics devices, and could be utilized for optical gating of the novel metallic surface.
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