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  • Title: Probucol Protects Against Atherosclerosis Through Lipid-lowering and Suppressing Immune Maturation of CD11c+ Dendritic Cells in STZ-induced Diabetic LDLR-/- Mice.
    Author: Zhu H, Jin X, Zhao J, Dong Z, Ma X, Xu F, Huang W, Liu G, Zou Y, Wang K, Hu K, Sun A, Ge J.
    Journal: J Cardiovasc Pharmacol; 2015 Jun; 65(6):620-7. PubMed ID: 25714599.
    Abstract:
    Probucol, an agent characterized by lipid-lowering and antioxidant property, retards atherosclerosis effectively. To test the hypothesis that probucol might act its antiatherosclerotic role by suppressing immune maturation of dendritic cells (DCs), 7-week-old LDLR mice were rendered diabetic with streptozotocin (STZ) and then fed either a high-fat diet only or added with 0.5% (wt/wt) probucol for 4 months, and human monocyte-derived dendritic cells were preincubated with or without probucol and stimulated by oxidized low-density lipoprotein. In STZ-induced diabetic LDLR mice, probucol treatment significantly lowered plasma total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels; regressed aortic atherosclerotic lesions; reduced splenic CD40, CD80, CD86, MHC-II expression, and plasma IL-12p70 production; and decreased the expression of CD11c DCs within atherosclerotic lesions. In vitro, oxidized low-density lipoprotein promoted human monocyte-derived dendritic cells maturation; stimulated CD40, CD86, CD1a, HLA-DR expression; increased tumor necrosis factor-α production; and decreased IL-4 production. However, these effects were obviously inhibited by probucol pretreatment. In conclusion, our study indicated that probucol effectively retarded atherosclerosis at least partly through lipid-lowering and inhibiting immune maturation of CD11c DCs in STZ-induced diabetic LDLR mice.
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