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  • Title: Concomitant Anterior and Posterior Urethral Valves: A Comprehensive Review of Literature.
    Author: Keihani S, Kajbafzadeh AM.
    Journal: Urology; 2015 Jul; 86(1):151-7. PubMed ID: 25863834.
    Abstract:
    Posterior urethral valves (PUVs) are the most common cause of infravesical obstruction in children, whereas anterior urethral valves and/or diverticula (AUV/D) are less commonly encountered. Concomitant AUV/D and PUV is believed to be very rare and may be missed on the initial evaluation. In this review, we provide brief information on embryology of AUV/D and PUV to explain the concurrent presence of these anomalies. We also summarize the information on published cases of concomitant AUV/D and PUV in the English literature with a special focus on diagnosis and the importance of both voiding cystourethrography and careful urethrocystoscopy.
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