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  • Title: Design of an Embedded CMOS Temperature Sensor for Passive RFID Tag Chips.
    Author: Deng F, He Y, Li B, Zhang L, Wu X, Fu Z, Zuo L.
    Journal: Sensors (Basel); 2015 May 18; 15(5):11442-53. PubMed ID: 25993518.
    Abstract:
    This paper presents an ultra-low embedded power temperature sensor for passive RFID tags. The temperature sensor converts the temperature variation to a PTAT current, which is then transformed into a temperature-controlled frequency. A phase locked loop (PLL)-based sensor interface is employed to directly convert this temperature-controlled frequency into a corresponding digital output without an external reference clock. The fabricated sensor occupies an area of 0.021 mm2 using the TSMC 0.18 1P6M mixed-signal CMOS process. Measurement results of the embedded sensor within the tag system shows a 92 nW power dissipation under 1.0 V supply voltage at room temperature, with a sensing resolution of 0.15 °C/LSB and a sensing accuracy of -0.7/0.6 °C from -30 °C to 70 °C after 1-point calibration at 30 °C.
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