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  • Title: Risk factors for bronchiolitis, recurrent wheezing, and related hospitalization in preterm infants during the first year of life.
    Author: Pérez-Yarza EG, Moreno-Galdó A, Ramilo O, Rubí T, Escribano A, Torres A, Sardón O, Oliva C, Pérez G, Cortell I, Rovira-Amigo S, Pastor-Vivero MD, Pérez-Frías J, Velasco V, Torres-Borrego J, Figuerola J, Barrio MI, García-Hernández G, Mejías A, SAREPREM 3235 investigators.
    Journal: Pediatr Allergy Immunol; 2015 Dec; 26(8):797-804. PubMed ID: 26031206.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Airway diseases are highly prevalent in infants and cause significant morbidity. We aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors for respiratory morbidity in a Spanish cohort of moderate-to-late preterm (MLP) infants prospectively followed during their first year of life. METHODS: SAREPREM is a multicenter, prospective, longitudinal study. Preterm infants born at 32-35 weeks of gestation with no comorbidities were enrolled within 2 weeks of life and followed at 2-4 weeks, 6, and 12 months of age. Multivariate mixed-models were performed to identify independent risk factors associated with (i) development of bronchiolitis, (ii) recurrent wheezing, or (iii) related hospital admissions. RESULTS: Overall, 977 preterm infants were included, and 766 (78.4%) completed follow-up. Of those, 365 (47.7%) developed bronchiolitis during the first year, 144 (18.8%) recurrent wheezing, and 48 (6.3%) were hospitalized. While low birthweight, day care attendance (DCA) and school-age siblings were significantly and independently associated with both the development of bronchiolitis and recurrent wheezing, lower maternal age increased the risk for bronchiolitis and respiratory-related hospitalizations. Lastly, mechanical ventilation was associated with a higher risk of bronchiolitis and history of asthma in any parent increased the likelihood of developing recurrent wheezing. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, several non-modifiable parameters (family history of asthma, low birthweight, need for mechanical ventilation) and modifiable parameters (young maternal age, DCA, or exposure to school-age siblings) were identified as significant risk factors for the development of bronchiolitis and recurrent wheezing during the first year of life in MLP infants.
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