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  • Title: Genetic variants of FADS gene cluster, plasma LC-PUFA levels and the association with cognitive function of under-two-year-old Sasaknese Indonesian children.
    Author: Fahmida U, Htet MK, Adhiyanto C, Kolopaking R, Yudisti MA, Maududi A, Suryandari DA, Dillon D, Afman L, Müller M.
    Journal: Asia Pac J Clin Nutr; 2015; 24(2):323-8. PubMed ID: 26078250.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND/AIMS: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) are regarded as essential for child cognition. Genetic variation in fatty acid (FA) desaturase enzyme (FADS) has been recognized as an important effect modifier in the relation between LC-PUFA and child cognitive function. This study aimed to identify the distribution of genetic variant (genotype) SNP rs174468 and to assess plasma FA and developmental outcome by the genotype among under-2 year old Sasaknese Indonesian children. METHODS: Data was collected at baseline of a randomized trial (NUPICO, clinicaltrials.gov NCT01504633) in East Lombok district, Indonesia. Breastfed, 12- 17 month old children were recruited and 240 subjects were included in the study. Child cognition was assessed as Bayley Mental Developmental Index (MDI). RESULTS: From 206 subjects whose blood samples can be collected, only two genotypes were found (90.3% GG homozygotes, 9.7% AG heterozygotes), and minor allele AG was significantly associated with higher level of arachidonic acid (20:4 n-6), n-6 LC-PUFA and FADS1 index. MDI score was associated with a FADS2 index (DHA:EPA ratio) but not genotype (Adjusted R-square= 0.043). CONCLUSIONS: FADS2 index was associated with cognitive function. No difference was found between children with GG and AG genotypes who were all breastfed and not low birth weight. 背景：长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LC-PUFA）被认为是儿童认知功能必不可少 的。脂肪酸（FA）去饱和酶（FADS）的遗传变异被认为是LC-PUFA 和儿童 认知功能之间关系的重要效应调节剂。本研究旨在确定印尼Sasaknese 两岁以 下儿童中rs174469 基因多态性遗传变异（基因型）的分布，并评估不同基因 型下血浆FA 和认知功能发展结果。方法：在印尼东部龙目岛地区进行随机试 验收集基线资料（NUPICO， clinicaltrials.gov NCT01504633）。招募母乳喂养 月龄为12-17 个月的孩子，240 名对象被纳入本研究。采用贝利智力发育指数 （MDI）评估儿童的认知功能。结果：收集到的206 名受试者血样中，只发现 两种基因型（90.3%GG 纯合子，9.7%AG 杂合子），并且次要等位基因AG 与 更高血液水平的花生四烯酸（20：4 n-6）、n-6 LC-PUFA 和FADS1 指数显著 相关。MDI 评分与FADS2 指数（DHA：EPA）有关，但与基因型无关（调整 后的R2=0.043）。结论：FADS2 指数与认知功能有关，这种关系在纯母乳喂 养且非低出生体重基因型分别为GG 和AG 的婴儿中没有差别。.
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