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  • Title: Pharmacokinetics of bisphenol A in humans following a single oral administration.
    Author: Thayer KA, Doerge DR, Hunt D, Schurman SH, Twaddle NC, Churchwell MI, Garantziotis S, Kissling GE, Easterling MR, Bucher JR, Birnbaum LS.
    Journal: Environ Int; 2015 Oct; 83():107-15. PubMed ID: 26115537.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Human exposures to bisphenol A (BPA) are widespread. The current study addresses uncertainties regarding human pharmacokinetics of BPA. OBJECTIVE: To reduce uncertainties about the metabolism and excretion of BPA in humans following oral administration. METHODS: We exposed six men and eight women to 100 μg/kg bw of deuterated BPA (d6-BPA) by oral administration and conducted blood and urine analysis over a three day period. The use of d6-BPA allowed administered d6-BPA to be distinguished from background native (unlabeled) BPA. We calculated the rate of oral absorption, serum elimination, half-life, area under the curve (AUC), urinary excretion, and metabolism to glucuronide and sulfate conjugates. RESULTS: Mean serum total (unconjugated and conjugated) d6-BPA Cmax of 1711 nM (390 ng/ml) was observed at Tmax of 1.1 ± 0.50h. Unconjugated d6-BPA appeared in serum within 5-20 min of dosing with a mean Cmax of 6.5 nM (1.5 ng/ml) observed at Tmax of 1.3 ± 0.52 h. Detectable blood levels of unconjugated or total d6-BPA were observed at 48 h in some subjects at concentrations near the LOD (0.001-0.002 ng/ml). The half-times for terminal elimination of total d6-BPA and unconjugated d6-BPA were 6.4 ± 2.0 h and 6.2 ± 2.6h, respectively. Recovery of total administered d6-BPA in urine was 84-109%. Most subjects (10 of 14) excreted >90% as metabolites within 24h. CONCLUSIONS: Using more sensitive methods, our study expands the findings of other human oral pharmacokinetic studies. Conjugation reactions are rapid and nearly complete with unconjugated BPA comprising less than 1% of the total d6-BPA in blood at all times. Elimination of conjugates into urine largely occurs within 24h.
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