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  • Title: Nutrition Screening in Geriatric Rehabilitation: Criterion (Concurrent and Predictive) Validity of the Malnutrition Screening Tool and the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form.
    Author: Marshall S, Young A, Bauer J, Isenring E.
    Journal: J Acad Nutr Diet; 2016 May; 116(5):795-801. PubMed ID: 26212448.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Nutrition screening is required for early identification and treatment of patients at risk for malnutrition so that clinical outcomes can be improved and health care costs reduced. OBJECTIVE: To determine the criterion (concurrent and predictive) validity of the Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) and Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) in older adults admitted to inpatient rehabilitation facilities. DESIGN: Observational, prospective cohort. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Participants were 57 adults aged 65 years and older (mean±standard deviation age=79.1±7.3 years) from two rural rehabilitation units in New South Wales, Australia. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: MST; MNA-SF; International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Health Related Problems, 10th revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10-AM) classification of malnutrition; rehospitalization; admission to a residential aged care facility (institutionalization); and discharge location. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PERFORMED: Measures of diagnostic accuracy with 95% CIs generated from a contingency table, Mann-Whitney U test, and χ(2) test. RESULTS: When compared with the ICD-10-AM criteria, the MST showed stronger diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity 80.8%, specificity 67.7%) than the MNA-SF (sensitivity 100%, specificity 22.6%). Neither the MST nor the MNA-SF was able to predict rehospitalization, institutionalization, or discharge location. CONCLUSIONS: The MST showed good concurrent validity and can be considered an appropriate nutrition screening tool in geriatric rehabilitation. The MNA-SF may overestimate the risk of malnutrition in this population. The predictive validity could not be established for either screening tool.
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