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  • Title: Vancomycin Dosing Regimen by Monte Carlo Simulation in Patients on Intermittent High-Efficiency Hemodialysis (HEHD).
    Author: Rungprai D, Jaruratanasirikul S, Wongpoowarak W, Pattharachayakul S, Wanakamanee U, Dandecha P, Jitsurong A.
    Journal: J Med Assoc Thai; 2015 Jun; 98(6):606-15. PubMed ID: 26219166.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effective vancomycin dosing regimens by Monte Carlo simulation among patients on intermittent high-efficiency hemodialysis (HEHD). MATERIAL AND METHOD: The present study was conducted on eight end-stage renal disease patients receiving HEHD. The patients received an initial dose of vancomycin 1 g followedby 500 mg immediately after HEHD session for a supplementation. Blood samplings were obtained to investigate vancomycin pharmacokinetic parameters. A Monte Carlo simulation was performed to determine the percentage of probability of target attainment (PTA) achieving AUC24/MIC ratio greater than or equal to 400 as the target of achievement of antimicrobial activity. RESULTS: A loading dose (LD) of vancomycin of 20 mg per kilogram of dry weight (DW) with or without a supplementation had the optimum effectiveness for pathogens with MICs not greater than 0.5 mg/L. For pathogens with an MIC of 1.0 mg/L, the LD of 25 mg/kgDW followed by 20 or 25 mg/kgDW supplementation was achieved the target in some cases. Therefore, the LD of 30 mg/kgDW followed by 25 mg/kgDW or the LD of 35 mg/kgDW with 10, 20 or 25 mg/kgDW supplementation was required to achieve the target of antimicrobial activity. CONCLUSION: From the present study, the lowest vancomycin dosing regimen that had the optimum effectiveness was a 35 mg/kgDW LD followed by 10 mg/kgDW supplementation. This regimen is recommended to treat pathogens with MICs not greater than 1.0 mg/L.
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