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  • Title: Relations between Fathers' and Mothers' Infant Engagement Patterns in Dual-Earner Families and Toddler Competence.
    Author: Lang SN, Schoppe-Sullivan SJ, Kotila LE, Feng X, Dush CM, Johnson SC.
    Journal: J Fam Issues; 2014 Jun; 35(8):1107-1127. PubMed ID: 26257454.
    Abstract:
    This study examined the trajectories of time new fathers and mothers in dual-earner families (N = 178) reported spending in developmentally appropriate positive engagement activities over the first 9 months of their child's life on both work and non-workdays. We also explored how paternal and maternal engagement patterns in infancy were associated with children's later social-emotional competence during toddlerhood (M = 25 months). Utilizing latent growth models, we found that, compared with mothers, fathers spent significantly less time engaging with their infants; however, both parents increased their engagement over time at relatively the same rate. Fathers' rate of increase over time and mothers' initial starting point of engagement on non-workdays were associated with toddlers' attention and mastery motivation. Findings are discussed with regards to what they mean for dual-earner couples and fathers' investment in their offspring, highlighting what they may imply about the second demographic transition and family functioning.
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