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  • Title: [IMPACT OF DIETARY FATTY ACIDS ON LIPID PROFILE, INSULIN SENSITIVITY AND FUNCTIONALITY OF PANCREATIC β CELLS IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC SUBJECTS].
    Author: Sambra Vásquez V, Rojas Moncada P, Basfi-Fer K, Valencia A, Codoceo J, Inostroza J, Carrasco F, Ruz Ortiz M.
    Journal: Nutr Hosp; 2015 Sep 01; 32(3):1107-15. PubMed ID: 26319827.
    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: the quality of fats could influence the metabolic control of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2). OBJECTIVES: to determine the relationship between intake and quality of dietary fatty acids to lipid profile, metabolic control, functionality of pancreatic cells and insulin sensivity in subjects with DM2. METHODS: we studied 54 subjects with DM2, anthropometric measurements were performed, body composition and dietary lipid intake, saturated fatty acids (SFA), trans, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, omega 3, omega 6 and dietary cholesterol. Laboratory parameters related to their metabolic control were determined (fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and lipid profile). The insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity was determined with the insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test according to the Bergman's minimal model. RESULTS: 28 men and 26 women were studied (BMI of 29.5 ± 3.7 kg/m2; age 55.6 ± 6.8 y.), 48% had LDL-C < 100 mg/dL, 12.9% of men c-HDL > 40 mg/dL and 7.4% of women c-HDL > 50 mg/dL. 32% consumed > 10% of AGS and > 300 mg/day of dietary cholesterol. The SFA intake and percentage of calories from fat (G%) were significantly associated with insulin resistance and fasting plasma glucose concentration. The G% predicted 84% variability on c-VLDL. CONCLUSIONS: in patients with DM2 a greater intake of fat and saturated fatty acids it associated with greater fasting glycemia and insulin resistance. Introducción: la calidad de las grasas podría influir en el control metabólico de los sujetos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Objetivos: determinar la relación entre la ingesta y la calidad de los ácidos grasos de la dieta con el perfil lipídico, el control metabólico, la funcionalidad de las células pancreáticas y la sensibilidad a la insulina en sujetos con DM2. Métodos: se estudió a 54 sujetos con DM2, se realizaron determinaciones antropométricas, de composición corporal e ingesta dietética de lípidos, ácidos grasos saturados (AGS), trans, monoinsaturados, poliinsaturados, omega 3, omega 6 y colesterol dietario. Se determinaron los parámetros de laboratorio relacionados con el control metabólico (glicemia de ayuno, hemoglobina glicada, perfil lipídico). La secreción de insulina y la sensibilidad a la insulina se determinaron con el test intravenoso de tolerancia a la glucosa modificado con insulina, basado en el modelo mínimo de Bergman. Resultados: se estudió a 28 hombres y 26 mujeres (edad 55,6 ± 6,8 años; IMC 29,5 ± 3,7 kg/m2). Un 48% presentaba c-LDL < 100 mg/dl, el 12,9% de los hombres c-HDL > 40 mg/dl y el 7,4% de las mujeres c-HDL > 50 mg/dl. El 32% consumía > 10% de AGS y > 300 mg/día de colesterol dietario. La ingesta de AGS y el porcentaje de calorías grasas (G%) mostraron una asociación positiva significativa con la resistencia a la insulina y la glicemia. El G% predice en un 84% la variabilidad del c-VLDL. Conclusiones: en los sujetos con DM2, una mayor ingesta de AGS y de grasas se asocia con valores superiores de glicemia y de resistencia a la insulina.
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