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  • Title: Position Effect on Facial Soft Tissue Depths: A Sonographic Investigation.
    Author: Baillie LJ, Muirhead JC, Blyth P, Niven BE, Dias GJ.
    Journal: J Forensic Sci; 2016 Jan; 61 Suppl 1():S60-70. PubMed ID: 26331703.
    Abstract:
    The head is positioned erect for an approximation; yet most facial soft tissue depths (FSTD) used are measured from supine subjects. Depth difference might be significant, but there is a paucity of data to verify. This study compared erect and supine values for 17 landmarks from 30 healthy New Zealand (European population affinity) women (18-30 or 40-55 years) in erect then supine positions. Height, weight, and sonographic FSTD data, totaling 1020 measurements, were obtained. Three midline and seven averaged bilateral values were compared using ANOVA, p values, and Pearson's correlations. Correlative strength of age and body mass index, BMI (kg/m(2) ), was determined by values. Results showed averaged erect and supine differences were significant for four of ten FSTDs. Between individuals, difference was various and not unidirectional. In conclusion, depth differences were observed but not all significant or unidirectional, BMI significantly influenced nine FSTD values, but age group did not.
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