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  • Title: Enhanced single-photon time-of-flight 3D ranging.
    Author: Lussana R, Villa F, Dalla Mora A, Contini D, Tosi A, Zappa F.
    Journal: Opt Express; 2015 Sep 21; 23(19):24962-73. PubMed ID: 26406696.
    Abstract:
    We developed a system for acquiring 3D depth-resolved maps by measuring the Time-of-Flight (TOF) of single photons. It is based on a CMOS 32 × 32 array of Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) and 350 ps resolution Time-to-Digital Converters (TDCs) into each pixel, able to provide photon-counting or photon-timing frames every 10 µs. We show how such a system can be used to scan large scenes in just hundreds of milliseconds. Moreover, we show how to exploit TDC unwarping and refolding for improving signal-to-noise ratio and extending the full-scale depth range. Additionally, we merged 2D and 3D information in a single image, for easing object recognition and tracking.
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