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  • Title: [The significance of mycotoxin assimilation for the contamination of milk and milk products].
    Author: Heeschen W, Blüthgen A.
    Journal: Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr; 1989; 96(7):355-60. PubMed ID: 2673725.
    Abstract:
    The two possible pathways contaminating milk and milk products with mycotoxins are either the secretory or post-secretory route. The latter is of only little importance due to cooling conditions in production and storage. A secretory contamination can only occur with such mycotoxins, which undergo no complete degradation through their passage into the milk. From the mycotoxins, present in cow's feed; virtually only aflatoxin B1 yields a milkborne metabolite, the aflatoxin M1. The carry over rate is low (2 +/- 1%), but can be enhanced by polyhalogenated biphenyls, also present in the forage. Under normal conditions, however, this enhancement will not be measurable due to low equimolar concentrations of both reactants. The aflatoxin M1 content in herd's bulk milk depends exclusively on the content of the precursor aflatoxin B1 in the ration of the cow and is with less than 10 ng/kg fairly low at present in the Federal Republic of Germany. A careful supervision of the imported feed ingredients for mixed feed, however, will ensure to keep those batches out of dairy cow feeding which exceed a certain level of aflatoxin. The legal threshold is 10 micrograms/kg, being even too high to ensure a milk containing less than 10 ng/kg under high energy feeding conditions. The discussed thresholds for aflatoxin M1 in milk are 50 and 10 ng/kg resp., the latter value is scheduled for milk used in infant nutrition. To keep this low concentration the intake of aflatoxin B1 must be less than 2 micrograms/kg of the daily ration.
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