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  • Title: [Thymus cancers: A clinical observation].
    Author: Grosch H, Hoffmann H, Weis CA, Thomas M.
    Journal: Pathologe; 2016 Feb; 37(1):91-105; quiz 106. PubMed ID: 26821326.
    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: Thymic tumors including thymomas, thymic carcinomas, and thymic carcinoid tumors are rare tumors with an incidence of 0.13/100,000. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search was performed to identify recent findings on epidemiology, classification, and various therapeutic approaches. RESULTS: These tumors with a wide spectrum of histologic and biologic features may be clinically unapparent for a long time or show a very aggressive behavior with local invasion and distant metastases. Surgical resection is the mainstay in stage I and II thymomas, whereas in stage III thymomas and in thymomas with pleural dissemination surgery in context of a multimodal treatment should be discussed. Thymic tumors are chemoreactive. Targeted therapies show poor results and should only be considered in the palliative situation after failure of chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: The new TNM (T: tumor, N: node, M: metastasis) classification of thymic tumors will help to identify the best treatment options.
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