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  • Title: [Surface changes in the dental enamel resulting from acid etching and the bonding and removal of orthodontic fixation devices (based on data from scanning electron microscopy)].
    Author: Kritskiĭ AV, Ustinovskiĭ VA.
    Journal: Stomatologiia (Mosk); 1989; 68(5):79-81. PubMed ID: 2686104.
    Abstract:
    The effect of acid etching of the enamel, its adhesion with Concise compound, and the state of enamel after removal of orthodontic fixing rods attached right to the dental enamel, were studied on 32 teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons. Best conditions for retention were achieved with 2-min etching with 40% phosphoric acid. This ensured the concise penetration into the enamel to 60 microns depth. The fixing rods removal did not lead to irreversible enamel damage.
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