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  • Title: EV-D68 infection in children with asthma exacerbation and pneumonia in Mexico City during 2014 autumn.
    Author: Vazquez-Perez JA, Ramirez-Gonzalez JE, Moreno-Valencia Y, Hernandez-Hernandez VA, Romero-Espinoza JA, Castillejos-Lopez M, Hernandez A, Perez-Padilla R, Oropeza-Lopez LE, Escobar-Escamilla N, Gonzalez-Villa M, Alejandre-Garcia A, Regalado-Pineda J, Santillan-Doherty P, Lopez-Martínez I, Diaz-Quiñonez A, Salas-Hernandez J.
    Journal: Influenza Other Respir Viruses; 2016 May; 10(3):154-60. PubMed ID: 26935868.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Human enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) recently caused an increase in mild-to-severe pediatric respiratory cases in North America and some European countries. Even though few of these children presented with acute paralytic disease, direct causal relationship cannot yet be assumed. OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this report were to describe the clinical findings of an outbreak of EV-D68 infection in Mexico City and identify the genetic relationship with previously reported strains. PATIENTS/METHODS: Between September and December 2014, 126 nasopharyngeal samples (NPS) of hospitalized children <15 years of age with ARI were tested for the presence of respiratory viruses using a multiplex RT-qPCR and EV-D68-specific RT-qPCR. Clinical, epidemiological, and demographic data were collected and associated with symptomatology and viral infections. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using VP1 region. RESULTS: Enterovirus/rhinovirus infection was detected in 40 patients (31·7%), of which 24 patients were EV-D68-positive. EV-D68 infection prevailed over September and October 2014 and was associated with neutrophilia and lymphopenia, and patients were more likely to develop hypoxemia. Phylogenetic analyses showed that Mexican EV-D68 belongs to the new B1 clade. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first EV-D68 outbreak described in Mexico and occurred few weeks after the United States reported similar infections. Although EV-D68 belongs to new B1 clade, no neurological affection was observed.
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