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  • Title: Immunohistochemical localization of human immunodeficiency viral antigens in formalin-fixed spinal cords with AIDS myelopathy.
    Author: Rhodes RH, Ward JM, Cowan RP, Moore PT.
    Journal: Clin Neuropathol; 1989; 8(1):22-7. PubMed ID: 2706840.
    Abstract:
    Some patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have long-tract degeneration in the spinal cord. Spinal-cord sections showing degeneration were immunoreactive in 13 of 17 AIDS patients using rabbit antiserum to whole disrupted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or a mouse monoclonal antibody to HIV core protein p24. The immunostaining was in a few macrophages, multinucleated cells, gliomesenchymal-cells nodules, glial cells and vascular endothelial cells. Eleven of the positive cases had histopathologic evidence of long-tract vacuolar alterations associated with this immunoreactivity, and the two cases without vacuolar alterations had immunoreactive multinucleated cells and gliomesenchymal-cell nodules. Immunolocalization of HIV in the spinal cord correlated well with clinical signs and symptoms, although concomitant cerebral and systemic infections often obscured the significance of the spinal-cord findings in the clinical setting. HIV vasculitis could lead to myelitis and to the clinical appearance of long-tract signs and symptoms.
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