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  • Title: A logic gate-based fluorogenic probe for Hg(2+) detection and its applications in cellular imaging.
    Author: Hu J, Hu Z, Chen Z, Gao HW, Uvdal K.
    Journal: Anal Chim Acta; 2016 May 05; 919():85-93. PubMed ID: 27086103.
    Abstract:
    A new colorimetric and fluorogenic probe (RN3) based on rhodamine-B has been successfully designed and synthesized. It displays a selective response to Hg(2+) in the aqueous buffer solution over the other competing metals. Upon addition of Hg(2+), the solution of RN3 exhibits a 'naked eye' observable color change from colorless to red and an intensive fluorescence with about 105-fold enhancement. The changes in the color and fluorescence are ascribed to the ring-opening of spirolactam in rhodamine fluorophore, which is induced by a binding of the constructed receptor to Hg(2+) with the association and dissociation constants of 0.22 × 10(5) M(-1) and 25.2 μM, respectively. The Job's plot experiment determines a 1:1 binding stoichiometry between RN3 and Hg(2+). The resultant "turn-on" fluorescence in buffer solution, allows the application of a method to determine Hg(2+) levels in the range of 4.0-15.0 μM, with the limit of detection (LOD) calculated at 60.7 nM (3σ/slope). In addition, the fluorescence 'turn-off' and color 'fading-out' happen to the mixture of RN3-Hg(2+) by further addition of I(-) or S(2-). The reversible switching cycles of fluorescence intensity upon alternate additions of Hg(2+) and S(2-) demonstrate that RN3 can perform as an INHIBIT logic gate. Furthermore, the potential of RN3 as a fluorescent probe has been demonstrated for cellular imaging.
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