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  • Title: Medium to long-term echo follow-up after ventricular septal defect device closure.
    Author: Rahmath MR, Numan M, Dilawar M.
    Journal: Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann; 2016 Jun; 24(5):422-7. PubMed ID: 27112358.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the medium to long-term results of echocardiographic follow-up of perimembranous and muscular ventricular septal defect closure with various Amplatzer devices. METHODS: We successfully closed ventricular septal defects percutaneously in 45/49 patients. There were 35 perimembranous and 10 muscular ventricular septal defects. The median age and weight was 8.50 years (range 2-36.70 years) and 24 kg (range 10-106 kg), respectively. The median size of the ventricular septal defect was 7 mm (range 3-14 mm) on transthoracic echocardiography, 6 mm (range 4-15 mm) on transesophageal echocardiography, and 6 mm (range 3-14 mm) on left ventricular angiography. The median pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow ratio was 1.40 (range 1.0-3.0). RESULTS: In the 49 attempted cases, the procedure was successful in 45, with a success rate of 91.84%. At a mean follow-up of 54.50 months, echocardiography showed complete closure in 41 (91%) patients and 4 (9%) had a tiny (1-2 mm) residual defect. New-onset aortic regurgitation was seen in 6 (13.3%) patients at 54.50 months, but it was mild in nature. Tricuspid valve regurgitation was observed in 13 (29%) patients at 54.50 follow-up, of whom 10 (22%) had mild and 3 (7%) had moderate regurgitation. CONCLUSION: Transcatheter closure of perimembranous and muscular ventricular septal defects is effective, however, these patients need to be followed up regularly to detect device-related problems, specifically, aortic and tricuspid valve regurgitation.
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