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  • Title: [Role of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the diagnosis of mediastinal tuberculosis].
    Author: Chalela R, Sánchez-Font A, Domínguez-Álvarez M, Badenes-Bonet D, Pijuan L, Curull V.
    Journal: Med Clin (Barc); 2016 Jun 17; 146(12):532-5. PubMed ID: 27130566.
    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: Mediastinal tuberculosis (TB) is rare and a diagnostic challenge. Transbronchial needle aspiration guided by endoscopic ultrasonography (EBUS-TBNA) is an essential tool for staging and diagnosing patients with lung cancer but to date there are no studies in our environment evaluating its efficacy in mediastinal TB. METHODS: Patients with a final diagnosis of isolated intrathoracic tuberculous lymphadenitis over a 6-year period were included. We analyzed the cases on whom EBUS-TBNA was performed. RESULTS: Forty-six patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy without pulmonary involvement were identified and 29 underwent EBUS-TBNA. In 28 of 29 patients (96.6%) EBUS-TBNA was diagnostic and cytological findings confirmed granulomas in 93% of cases. Microbiological investigation revealed positive TB culture in 14 (48.2%) and positive PCR for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 30% of cases on whom it was carried out. Eighty-four per cent of the patients were immigrants and when compared with the native population we found statistical differences in immune status and culture yield. CONCLUSION: EBUS-TBNA is a safe and effective technique in the diagnosis of patients with suspected mediastinal TB.
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