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Title: [Anti-inflammatory effect of acetylcholine on lipopolysaccharide induced inflammatory response of alveolar macrophages].
Author: Liu F, Zhao N, Li D, Zeng Z, Shao Q, Peng F, Wang Y, Qian K.
Journal: Zhonghua Wei Zhong Bing Ji Jiu Yi Xue; 2015 Oct; 27(10):811-5. PubMed ID: 27132443.
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of acetylcholine (ACh) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammatory model of rat alveolar macrophages, and to observe the effect of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine (Phy) on the anti-inflammatory effect of ACh. METHODS: The rat alveolar macrophages NR8383 were cultured in vitro, which were divided into five groups: blank control group, LPS group (stimulated with 1 mg/L LPS for 12 hours), LPS + ACh group (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 μmol/L of ACh were added for 5 minutes before LPS stimulation), LPS + Phy group (1 mmol/L Phy was added for 5 minutes before LPS stimulation), and LPS + ACh + Phy group (1 mmol/L Phy and 10 μmol/L ACh were added for 5 minutes before LPS stimulation). The supernatants were collected in each group, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assay the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukins (IL-1β, and IL-6). The activity of acetylcholine esterase (AChE ) in the supernatant was also determined. RESULTS: (1) The contents of TNF-α (ng/L: 605.09 ± 57.13 vs. 34.07 ± 8.62), IL-1β (ng/L: 377.09 ± 28.55 vs. 32.33 ± 10.62) and IL-6 (ng/L: 558.04 ± 77.45 vs. 42.62 ± 11.21) in the LPS group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group (all P < 0.05). These results indicated that the inflammatory model of rat alveolar macrophages was constructed successfully. (2) ACh with the final concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 μmol/L had less influence on the production of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the culture supernatants of alveolar macrophages stimulated with LPS compared with LPS group (all P > 0.05). Nevertheless, 10 μmol/L and 100 μmol/L ACh notably reduced the production of TNF-α (ng/L: 451.19 ± 30.67, 332.19 ± 32.19 vs. 604.96 ± 22.56), IL-1β (ng/L: 261.08 ± 24.78, 143.98 ± 28.39 vs. 367.06 ± 10.44) and IL-6 (ng/L: 342.75 ± 54.60, 235.48 ± 29.75 vs. 562.69 ± 63.34) in the culture supernatants compared with the LPS group (all P < 0.05). (3) The activity of AChE in the LPS group was significantly higher than that in the blank control group (kU/L: 5.21 ± 0.63 vs. 3.09 ± 0.10, P < 0.05). The activity of AChE was successfully inhibited by 1 mmol/L acetylcholinesterase inhibitor Phy pretreatment compared with that in the LPS group (1.51 ± 0.12 vs. 5.21 ± 0.63, P < 0.05). (4) The level of TNF-α (ng/L: 183.17 ± 35.44 vs. 451.19 ± 30.67), IL-1β (ng/L: 91.49 ± 12.27 vs. 261.08 ± 24.78) and IL-6 (ng/L: 108.17 ± 22.82 vs. 342.75 ± 54.60) in the culture supernatants of LPS + ACh + Phy group was significantly decreased as compared with LPS + ACh group (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: ACh with the final concentrations of 10 μmol/L and 100 μmol/L can inhibit the LPS induced inflammatory reaction in alveolar macrophages. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitor Phy can reinforce the ACh-mediated anti-inflammatory effect on alveolar macrophages inflammatory model.

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