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  • Title: Promoter methylation and expression of SOCS-1 affect clinical outcome and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer.
    Author: Kang XC, Chen ML, Yang F, Gao BQ, Yang QH, Zheng WW, Hao S.
    Journal: Biomed Pharmacother; 2016 May; 80():23-29. PubMed ID: 27133036.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Abnormal DNA methylation can cause gene silencing in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. A gene that is suspected to have a crucial role in various types of cancers is the suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS-1). Thus, this study will analyze the ramifications of SOCS-1 promoter methylation in CRC patients. This study will also test the therapeutic effects of hypomethylation as a possible CRC therapy. METHODS: First, 97CRC patients' tumor and adjacent normal tissues were collected. Next, the methylation status of the SOCS-1 promoter region was assessed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR); SOCS-1 protein and mRNA expression were also measured. A 48-month median follow-up period was used for the survival analysis of research participants. Lastly, to analyze the changes in cell invasion and migration in conjunction with protein and mRNA expression, the demethylating agent 5-azacytidine was applied in vitro to human CRC cells. RESULTS: The results showed increased SOCS-1 hypermethylation in CRC samples compared to controls. Methylated SOCS-1 was associated with significant suppression of SOCS-1 expression in tumors. Additionally, SOCS-1 hypermethylation was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. The study also found a poor overall survival rate to be significantly correlated with reduced expression of SOCS-1. After 5-azacytidine treatment, reduced in vitro DNA methylation and increased SOCS-1 expression were observed, and decreased cell migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition biomarker expression alteration were further confirmed. CONCLUSIONS: In colorectal cancer tissues, the rate of methylation in the SOCS-1 promoter region is high. Through promoter hypermethylation, the SOCS-1 gene was severely down-regulated in the CRC tissue samples, thereby revealing a plausible therapeutic target for CRC therapy.
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