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  • Title: A mitochondrial division inhibitor, Mdivi-1, inhibits mitochondrial fragmentation and attenuates kainic acid-induced hippocampal cell death.
    Author: Kim H, Lee JY, Park KJ, Kim WH, Roh GS.
    Journal: BMC Neurosci; 2016 Jun 10; 17(1):33. PubMed ID: 27287829.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Kainic acid (KA)-induced excitotoxicity promotes cytoplasmic calcium accumulation, oxidative stress, and apoptotic signaling, leading to hippocampal neuronal death. Mitochondria play a critical role in neuroinflammation and the oxidative stress response. Mitochondrial morphology is disrupted during KA-induced seizures; however, it is not clear whether mitochondrial fission or fusion factors are involved in KA-induced neuronal death. RESULTS: We investigated the effect of Mdivi-1, a chemical inhibitor of the mitochondrial fission protein Drp1, on mitochondrial morphology and function in KA-injected mice. Mdivi-1 pretreatment significantly reduced seizure activity and increased survival rates of KA-treated mice. Mdivi-1 was protective against mitochondrial morphological disruption, and it reduced levels of phosphorylated Drp1 (Ser616) and Parkin recruitment to mitochondria. By contrast, levels of mitochondrial fusion factors did not change. Mdivi-1 also reduced KA-induced neuroinflammation and glial activation. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that inhibition of mitochondrial fission attenuates Parkin-mediated mitochondrial degradation and protects from KA-induced hippocampal neuronal cell death.
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