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  • Title: An investigation of breast-feeding practices in a binational population.
    Author: Gulino C, Sweeney MA.
    Journal: Home Healthc Nurse; 1989; 7(2):27-33. PubMed ID: 2745117.
    Abstract:
    Too few Mexican and Mexican-American mothers breast feed their babies. Results of a study of breast-feeding attitudes in Tijuana and San Diego point to the need for education, guidance, and support at the community level if more young mothers in this population are to give their newborns the advantages of breast feeding. In a low socioeconomic study group of women, 9% of black Americans, 23% of Mexican-Americans, and 44% of Anglo-Americans were breast feeding upon discharge from the hospital after giving birth. This investigation examined the feeding decisions of mothers, factors affecting the feeding decision, and factors influencing breast feeding during the 1st postpartum period. A sample 140 primiparas were studied who delivered at the 4 study sites during 4 consecutive weeks in May and June 1985 with a binational breakdown of 111 subjects from 3 hospitals in Tijuana and 29 from the Medical Center in San Diego. The Infant Feeding Interview Guide (IFIG) gathered data on attitudes, knowledge, and social and environmental factors from all subjects. The Breast-feeding Management Interview Guide (BMIG) was utilized only with mothers who were breast feeding upon discharge from the hospital. Mothers still breast feeding at 6 weeks postpartum had a 2nd follow-up interview at 3 months postpartum using the BMIG. The IFIG indicated that 65% of the 140 mothers states they were breast feeding their newborn, 7% chose bottle feeding, and 28% were planning a combination of both. In Mexico, 59% of the subjects chose breast feeding, 3% designated a combination of both, 4% chose bottle feeding, and 1% designated other. In the US, 79% chose breast feeding, while 21% opted for bottle feeding. 32% of deliveries were cesarean sections. Only 9% of those with cesarean sections opted for bottle feeding, 39% chose a combination of breast and bottle feeding; and 52% selected breast feeding. 43% of the women in the breast-feeding group decided to breast feed even before they became pregnant. In contrast, only 27% of the women in the bottle-feeding group made their decision before they became pregnant. The 48 mothers who had ceased breast feeding at the 1st follow-up interview cited reasons of working or attending school. The 75 mothers continuing breast feeding fed their infants an average of 5.7 times during their normal waking hours and twice during normal sleeping time. 47% of the mothers felt that the infant did not gain weight while breast feeding; only 32% felt that the baby was progressing, and 21% were unsure about it. 85% of new mothers reported they would breast feed their next child, only 2% said they would not, while 13% were undecided.
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