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  • Title: Histological and Extended Clinical Outcomes After ABO-Incompatible Renal Transplantation Without Splenectomy or Rituximab.
    Author: Chow KV, Flint SM, Shen A, Landgren A, Finlay M, Murugasu A, Masterson R, Hughes P, Cohney SJ.
    Journal: Transplantation; 2017 Jun; 101(6):1433-1440. PubMed ID: 27495772.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Excellent short-term results have been reported in ABO-incompatible (ABOi) renal transplant recipients managed solely with antibody removal and conventional immunosuppression. However, long-term clinical outcomes with this regimen and predictive information from protocol biopsies are lacking. METHODS: We compared outcome data in ABOi and ABO-compatible (ABOc) recipients receiving this regimen approximately 4 years posttransplant, and histology from biopsies approximately 12 months posttransplant. RESULTS: Patient and graft survivals among 54 ABOi recipients were 98.1% and 90.7%, respectively, at 4 years. Graft function was similar between ABOi (creatinine, 140.3 μmol/L) and ABOc recipients (creatinine, 140.2 μmol/L) (P = 0.99), with no significant change over the study period in either group (Δcreatinine, -0.83 vs 6.6 μmol/L) (P = 0.59). There was no transplant glomerulopathy in biopsies from either group. Interstitial fibrosis (IF) and tubular atrophy (TA) was present in 7 (28%) of 25 ABOi compared with 7 (20.6%) of 34 ABOc (P = 0.52). Progression of IF/TA from implantation was noted in 6 (24%) of 25 ABOi and 6 (17.6%) of 34 ABOc, respectively. C4d staining without antibody-mediated rejection was present in 13 (52%) 25 early posttransplant biopsies from ABOi recipients by immunohistochemistry, but in only 4 (16%) of 25 at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: ABO-incompatible renal transplant performed with antibody removal and conventional immunosuppression continues to provide excellent patient and graft survival, and stable renal function over 4 years. Coupled with absent transplant glomerulopathy and low rates of progressive IF/TA on earlier biopsies, this suggests that ABOi with conventional immunosuppression and antibody removal, without rituximab or splenectomy, can achieve long-term outcomes comparable to ABO-compatible transplantation.
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